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Authors
Gao, Weihua
Yao, Jiantao
Fei, Xiangyu
Yu, Xianhe
Li, Chaoming
Gu, Congtian
Ma, Guoliang
Wang, Dakai
Han, Zhiwu
Ren, Luquan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52375030, 52305308)
the S&T Program of Hebei (246Z1802G)
the Hebei Natural Science Foundation (E2024203254, E2024203067, E2025203232)
the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department (QN2025183)
the Fundamental Innovative Research Development Project of Yanshan University (2024LGQN008)
the Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (KF2023003)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52505071)
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Article History
Received: 11 August 2025
Accepted: 3 December 2025
First Online: 18 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
