Yin, Tengfei
Meng, Song
Zhao, Yang
Zhang, Tao
Wang, Fuhui
Funding for this research was provided by:
Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52371055)
Liaoning Province Science and Technology Plan Joint Program (2023JH2/101700305)
Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process (Y202404)
Basic scientific research project of Liaoning provincial department of education (JYTMS20230618)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2024GFYD01)
Article History
Received: 12 June 2025
Accepted: 11 September 2025
First Online: 4 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.