Zheng, Xiaoyan
Hu, Zhilong
Liu, Huanghai
Huang, Bo
Lin, Zhitao
Qiu, Renhui
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Transportation Science and Technology Project of Fujian Provincial Department of Transportation, China (YB202432)
the Engineering Research Center of Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters in the Mountainous Areas of Northern Fujian, Fujian Province University (WYERC2024-1)
the Key Research and Industrialization Projects of Technological Innovation in Fujian Province, China (2024XQ025)
Article History
Received: 10 October 2025
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 13 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.