Faijan,
Delaye, Jean-Marc
Kayano, Ryuki
Ohkubo, Takahiro
Gin, Stéphane
Funding for this research was provided by:
CEA (Project: VESTALE)
CEA (Project: VESTALE)
CEA (Project: VESTALE)
Article History
Received: 21 November 2025
Accepted: 5 March 2026
First Online: 10 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests. Author S.G. is Editor-in-Chief of npj materials degradation. Stéphane Gin was not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to, this manuscript.