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Article History

Received: 12 October 2023

Accepted: 29 July 2024

First Online: 15 August 2024

Competing interests

: K.P. has been supported by the “Rostock Academy of Science” (RAS). I.C. has received honoraria for presentations/advisory boards from Abbvie, Stadapharm, BIAL, Zambon, Desitin, Georg Thieme Verlag KG, and Springer Verlag. C.P. is inventor in a patent “Oral Phenylbutyrate for Treatment of Human 4-Repeat Tauopathies” (EP 23 156 122.6) filed by LMU Munich. M.B. received funding from Europäischer Fonds für regionale Entwicklung (EFRE) and speaker fees from Novartis and Idorsia. A.H. has received funding from the European Social Fonds, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the Hermann und Lilly Schilling-Stiftung für medizinische Forschung im Stifterverband. He has received honoraria for presentations/advisory boards/ from Amylyx and IFT Pharma. He has received royalties from Elsevier Press and Kohlhammer. J.L. reports speaker fees from Bayer Vital, Biogen, EISAI, TEVA, and Roche, consulting fees from Axon Neuroscience and Biogen, author fees from Thieme medical publishers and W. Kohlhammer GmbH medical publishers and is inventor in a patent “Oral Phenylbutyrate for Treatment of Human 4-Repeat Tauopathies” (EP 23 156 122.6) filed by LMU Munich. In addition, he reports compensation for serving as chief medical officer for MODAG GmbH, is beneficiary of the phantom share program of MODAG GmbH and is inventor in a patent “Pharmaceutical Composition and Methods of Use” (EP 22 159 408.8) filed by MODAG GmbH, all activities outside the submitted work. A.G. reports employment by and being a shareholder of MODAG GmbH. In addition, he is inventor in a patent “water-soluble derivatives of 3,5-diphelyl-diazole compounds” (PCT EP 16/081084, etc.) licensed to MODAG GmbH, and a patent “new drugs for inhibiting aggregation of proteins involved in disease linked to protein aggregation and/or neurodegenerative diseases” (EP 2307381 etc.), which includes the compound anle138b, licensed to MODAG GmbH. W.H.O. reports grants from ParkinsonFonds Deutschland, grants from Michael J Fox Foundation, grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), all unrelated to the study during its conduct; speaker or consulting fees from Abbvie, Adamas, Lario Therapeutics, MODAG, Novartis, Stada Pharma and UCB all outside the submitted work. W.H.O. is Hertie-Senior-Research Professor supported by the Charitable Hertie-Foundation, Frankfurt/Main, Germany. All other authors declare no Competing Financial or Non-Financial Interests.