Document is current

Article History

Received: 18 April 2024

Accepted: 16 October 2024

First Online: 18 November 2024

Competing interests

: M.M. has received in the past 3 years, payment, honoraria or other support from Bial, Phamacademy, Evidenze and AbbVie. A.J.O.-M. was a national coordinator for Portugal of a non-interventional study (EDMS-ERI-143085581, 4.0) to characterize a treatment-resistant depression cohort in Europe, sponsored by Janssen-Cilag, Ltd. (2019–2020), a trial of psilocybin therapy for treatment-resistant depression, sponsored by Compass Pathways, Ltd. (EudraCT number 2017-003288-36), and a trial of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression, sponsored by Janssen-Cilag, Ltd. (EudraCT NUMBER: 2019-002992-33). He is a recipient of a grant from Schuhfried GmBH for norming and validation of cognitive tests. In the past 3 years, he received payment, honoraria or other support from Angelini, Janssen, MSD, Neurolite AG, and the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. He is vice-president of the Portuguese Society for Psychiatry and Mental Health and Head of the Psychiatry Working Group for the National Board of Medical Examination (GPNA) at the Portuguese Medical Association and Portuguese Ministry of Health. None of the aforementioned agencies had a role in the preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Other authors report no conflict of interest. M.D.M. and P.F. contributed equally to this work. M.D.M. and J.A.d.S. should be listed as corresponding authors.