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Authors
Meinders, Marjan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-7035
Heathers, Laura https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1097-2678
Ho, King Chung https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8689-2318
Russell, Laura https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6835-1093
Li, Chris https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6904-1763
Bloem, Bastiaan R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6371-3337
Marks Jr, William J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3692-2480
Kapur, Ritu
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Article History
Received: 27 June 2024
Accepted: 3 May 2025
First Online: 6 June 2025
Competing interests
: The funders Verily LLC and the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative, were involved in the analysis and interpretation of data, and the writing of this manuscript. Author MJM declares no financial or non-financial competing interests. The Michael J Fox Foundation provides research funding to Indiana University that supports the salary of author LH but declares no non-financial competing interests. Authors KCH and CL are currently employed by, and currently hold shares in, Verily Life Sciences, but declare no non-financial competing interests. Author LR is currently employed by, and currently holds shares in, Verily Life Sciences, but declares no non-financial competing interests. Author WJM was previously employed by, and currently serves as a paid consultant for, Verily Life Sciences but declares no non-financial competing interests. Author RK was previously employed by, and currently holds shares in, Verily Life Sciences, but declares no non-financial competing interests. Author BRB serves as the co-Editor in Chief for the Journal of Parkinson’s disease, serves on the editorial board of Practical Neurology and Digital Biomarkers, has received fees from serving on the scientific advisory board for the Critical Path Institute, Gyenno Science, MedRhythms, UCB, Kyowa Kirin and Zambon (paid to the Institute), has received fees for speaking at conferences from AbbVie, Bial, Biogen, GE Healthcare, Oruen, Roche, UCB and Zambon (paid to the Institute), and has received research support from Biogen, Cure Parkinson’s, Davis Phinney Foundation, Edmond J. Safra Foundation, Fred Foundation, Gatsby Foundation, Hersenstichting Nederland, Horizon 2020, IRLAB Therapeutics, Maag Lever Darm Stichting, Michael J Fox Foundation, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Economic Affairs & Climate Policy, Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (ZonMw), Not Impossible, Parkinson Vereniging, Parkinson’s Foundation, Parkinson’s UK, Stichting Alkemade-Keuls, Stichting Parkinson NL, Stichting Woelse Waard, Health Holland / Topsector Life Sciences and Health, UCB, Verily Life Sciences, Roche and Zambon. Author BRB does not hold any stocks or stock options with any companies that are connected to Parkinson’s disease or to any of his clinical or research activities.
