Mahul-Mellier, Anne-Laure
Altay, Melek Firat
Maharjan, Niran
Ait-Bouziad, Nadine
Chiki, Anass
Jagannath, Somanath
Limorenko, Galina
Novello, Salvatore
Ricci, Jonathan
Jasiqi, Yllza
Vingill, Siv
Wade-Martins, Richard
Holton, Janice
Strand, Catherine
Haikal, Caroline
Li, Jia-Yi
Hamelin, Romain
Croisier, Marie
Knott, Graham
Mairet-Coello, Georges
Weerens, Laura
Michel, Anne
Downey, Patrick
Citron, Martin
Lashuel, Hilal A.
Funding for this research was provided by:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
UCB
Fondation Bru (BRU_PARKINSON)
Joint Program for Neurodegenerative Diseases (JPND) from the UK Medical Research Council
Multiple System Atrophy Trust
the Multiple System Atrophy Coalition
Fund Sophia, managed by the King Baudouin Foundation
Karin & Sten Mortstedt CBD Solutions
Reta Lila Weston Institute for Neurological Studies and the Medical Research Council UK
National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre
NNSF (NNSF-81430025, NNSF-81430025)
Swedish Research Council
EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research (aSynProtec, REfrAME, aSynProtec, REfrAME)
EU-ITN (Syndegen, Syndegen)
Article History
Received: 10 November 2024
Accepted: 19 July 2025
First Online: 26 August 2025
Competing interests
: G.M.C., A.M., P.D., and M.C. are employees of UCB Pharma. H.A.L. is the co-founder and chief scientific officer of ND BioSciences, Epalinges, Switzerland, a company that develops diagnostics and treatments for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) based on platforms that reproduce the complexity and diversity of proteins implicated in NDs and their pathologies. H.A.L. has received funding from industry to support research on neurodegenerative diseases, including Merck Serono, UCB, and AbbVie. These companies had no specific role in the conceptualization, preparation, and decision to publish this manuscript. H.A.L. is the associate editor of npj Parkinson’s Disease. H.A.L. was not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to, this manuscript. All other authors declare no competing financial interests in association with this manuscript.