Bastioli, Guendalina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6999-8444
Mancini, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2181-7485
Patel, Jyoti C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0295-6180
Gamallo-Lana, Begoña https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5687-5778
Arnold, Jennifer C.
Mar, Adam C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2095-2936
Rice, Margaret E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1793-2798
Funding for this research was provided by:
Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS135884)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS107616)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS107616)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS135884)
Parkinson's Foundation
Article History
Received: 23 September 2025
Accepted: 8 November 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.