Bastioli, Guendalina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6999-8444
Mancini, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2181-7485
Patel, Jyoti C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0295-6180
Gamallo-Lana, Begoña https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5687-5778
Arnold, Jennifer C.
Mar, Adam C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2095-2936
Rice, Margaret E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1793-2798
Funding for this research was provided by:
Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS135884, NS107616, NS107616, NS135884)
Parkinson's Foundation
Article History
Received: 23 September 2025
Accepted: 8 November 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.