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Authors
de Zwart, FL https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8929-162X
van den Bemt, L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-8273
van den Borst, B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4597-2722
de Man, M.
van den Heuvel, MM https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-2153
Spruit, MA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3822-7430
Bischoff, EWMA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3323-8475
van ‘t Hul, AJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5514-2327
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Article History
Received: 7 April 2025
Accepted: 19 June 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Competing interests
: M.v.d.H. reports participating in the advisory board, lecturing, or receiving grants from the following parties: Abbvie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Lilly, Merck, MSD, Novartis, NVALT, Pamgene, Pfizer, Roche diagnostics, Roche Genentech, Sanofi, Stichting Treatmeds, and Takeda. All payments were made to the institution, and fall outside the scope of the submitted work. B.v.d.B. reports consultation, presentation, and travel fees/support by AstraZeneca B.V., Chiesi Pharmaceuticals B.V., Sanofi B.V., Boehringer Ingelheim bv, and Genzyme Europe B.V. All payments were made directly to the institution, and all fall outside the scope of the submitted work. M.A.S. reports receiving grants from Lung Foundation Netherlands, Stichting Astma Bestrijding, Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, TEVA, Chiesi, Sanofi, and fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, TEVA, GSK and Chiesi, all falling outside the scope of the submitted work. All payments were made to M.A.S.’s employer. M.A.S. is founder of Care2Know B.V. All other authors have no competing interests.
