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Article History

Received: 3 May 2024

Accepted: 28 July 2025

First Online: 11 August 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The ethical principles of the Helsinki Declaration39 were followed in the MeSHe study. In each participating country, the national, regional, or institutional ethic board has reviewed and approved the study. In Sweden, this was The National Ethical Board, Dnrs: 689–17 and 2020-03351. In the USA, this was The Institutional Review Board for the Protection of Human Subjects, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 1651637-32020-E. In Morocco, this was The Regional Directorate of the Ministry of National Education in Tetouan authorization number 85. In Vietnam, this was the Review Board of the Center for Assisting and Consulting Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, RPSY-101. In Serbia, this was the ethics committee of the Clinic for Neurology and Psychiatry for Children and Youth Belgrade, No. 21-85/2. All data collection was based on voluntary and anonymous participation, which means that no tracking or follow-up of individuals is possible.

: All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.