Wang, Huiqin
Wu, Bingyang
Gao, Guanzhen
Zhou, Jianwu
Xie, Xiaomei
Ke, Lijing
Rao, Pingfan
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (2024J01162)
Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (2024J01967)
The Fujian Province Industry University-Research Collaboration Project (2023N5014)
Article History
Received: 13 June 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing financial interest or non-financial interests. P.R. is Editor-in-Chief and L.K. is Associate Editor of npj Science of Food. P.R. and L.K. were not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to, this manuscript.