Nanishi, Etsuro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9957-7162
Borriello, Francesco
Seo, Hyuk-Soo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0646-2102
O’Meara, Timothy R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-5167
McGrath, Marisa E.
Saito, Yoshine
Chen, Jing
Diray-Arce, Joann
Song, Kijun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6037-9345
Xu, Andrew Z. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8576-9836
Barman, Soumik https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-2125
Menon, Manisha
Dong, Danica https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2180-6508
Caradonna, Timothy M.
Feldman, Jared
Hauser, Blake M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0100-1684
Schmidt, Aaron G.
Baden, Lindsey R.
Ernst, Robert K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5016-8694
Dillen, Carly
Yu, Jingyou
Chang, Aiquan
Hilgers, Luuk
Platenburg, Peter Paul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3419-1314
Dhe-Paganon, Sirano
Barouch, Dan H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5127-4659
Ozonoff, Al https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4233-5899
Zanoni, Ivan
Frieman, Matthew B. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0107-0775
Dowling, David J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1095-6156
Levy, Ofer https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5859-1945
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (HHSN272201400052C, 75N93019C00044, HHSN272201800047C, 1R21AI137932-01A1, 75N93019C00044)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogenesis Readiness
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (1R01DK115217, 1R01AI165505, 75N93019C00044, AI148166, HHSN272201400007C)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (ASPR-20-01495)
United States Department of Defense | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (ASPR-20-01495)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Article History
Received: 14 September 2022
Accepted: 24 January 2023
First Online: 14 February 2023
Change Date: 3 March 2023
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-023-00634-w
Competing interests
: F.B. consults for Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. (a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc.), Sana Biotechnology, Inc., and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. I.Z. reports compensation for consulting services with Implicit Biosciences. These commercial relationships are unrelated to the current study. P.P.P. and L.H.G. are the founders and owners of LiteVax BV, the company that holds IP related to CMS:O/W. F.B., E.N., T.R.O., Y.S., D.J.D., and O.L. are named inventors on several vaccine adjuvant patents. M.F. received funding from NIAID, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), Gates Foundation, Aikido Pharma, Emergent, Astrazeneca, Novavax, Regeneron, and the CDC, outside the submitted work. M.F. received royalties/licenses from Aikido Pharma for antiviral drug patent licensing, consulting fees from Aikido Pharma, Observatory Group, for consulting for COVID-19, and participation on Scientific Advisory Board for Aikido Pharma, outside the submitted work. The other authors declare no commercial or financial conflict of interest.