Mhamadi, Moufid
Babuadze, George Giorgi
Badji, Aminata
Echanove, Jose
Gaye, Alioune
Ndiaye, El Hadji
Ndiaye, Oumar
Ndiaye, Mignane
Dieng, Idrissa
XIII, Ara
Mhamadi, Moundhir
Touré, Cheikh Talibouya
Fall, Mathioro
Faye, Ousmane
Fausther-Bovendo, Hugues
Faye, Oumar
Sall, Amadou Alpha
Kobinger, Gary
Funding for this research was provided by:
International Development Research Center (109075-001)
Canadian Department of Global Affairs (BIO-2019-005)
Article History
Received: 11 August 2025
Accepted: 30 December 2025
First Online: 16 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.