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Article History

Received: 8 July 2022

Accepted: 23 January 2023

First Online: 8 February 2023

Competing interests

: The authors declare the following competing financial interest(s): W.T. and J.B.L. hold a patent (International Publication Number WO 2020/185451 A3) for the technologically important developments included in this work. J.B.L. is a cofounder of Stemloop, Inc. J.B.L.’s interests are reviewed and managed by Northwestern University in accordance with their conflict-of-interest policies.

: We acknowledge the potential inequities in collaboration between researchers in high-income countries and low- or middle-income countries, and were attentive to inclusivity throughout the design, implementation, analysis, and dissemination of the study findings. We followed all national and local rules in Kenya pertaining to human subject research, as well as those at the US institution. Both US and Kenya-based scientists were included in the study design, the creation of data collection instruments, interpretation of the data, and as co-authors on this paper.