Fleishman, Gregory D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5557-2100
Oparin, Ivan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1876-1372
Nita, Gelu M.
Chen, Bin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-3350
Yu, Sijie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2872-2614
Gary, Dale E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-8396
Funding for this research was provided by:
NSF | Directorate for Geosciences (AGS-2425102)
NSF | Directorate for Geosciences (AGS-2425102)
NSF | Directorate for Geosciences (AGS-2334931)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC23K0090)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC23K0090)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC24K1242)
Article History
Received: 8 July 2025
Accepted: 28 November 2025
First Online: 7 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.