Zhou, Wenxiong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6633-3583
Kang, Li
Qiao, Shuo
Duan, Haifeng
Yin, Chenghong
Liu, Chao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5886-4264
Liao, Zhizhao
Tang, Mingchuan
Zhang, Ruiying
Li, Lei
Shi, Lei
Du, Meijie
Wang, Yipeng
Yue, Wentao
Xiao, Yan
Di, Lin
Zhang, Xiannian
Pang, Yuhong https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5464-3521
Li, Mingkun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1041-1172
Ren, Lili
Wang, Jianbin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6725-7925
Chen, Zitian https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7139-2335
Huang, Yanyi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7297-1266
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (T2225005)
Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission (Z201100005320016)
Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission (Z211100003321006)
Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission (Z221100007022003)
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics
Article History
Received: 3 November 2023
Accepted: 9 May 2025
First Online: 2 July 2025
Competing interests
: W.Z., L.K., S.Q., H.D., Z.C. and Y.H. were listed as inventors of fuzzy sequencing in patent applications CN111575355B, CN111667882B and CN108165616B, all filed in China in December 2016. H.D., Z.C. and Y.H. are founders, and R.Z., L.L. and L.S. are employees, of Cygnus Biosciences. The other authors declare no competing interests.