Dixon, Tanner C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3151-3362
Strandquist, Gabrielle https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8345-6905
Zeng, Alicia
Frączek, Tomasz
Bechtold, Raphael
Lawrence, Daryl
Ravi, Shravanan https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8540-5718
Starr, Philip A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2733-4003
Gallant, Jack L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7273-1054
Herron, Jeffrey A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-0094
Little, Simon J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6249-6230
Funding for this research was provided by:
Weill Neurohub Investigators grant
Article History
Received: 19 February 2024
Accepted: 22 May 2025
First Online: 27 June 2025
Competing interests
: T.C.D. is a current employee of iota Biosciences, Inc., but was not an employee when the study was designed and initiated. S.R. is a current employee of Medtronic, Inc., but was not an employee when the study was designed and initiated. S.J.L. is a consultant for iota Biosciences, Inc. P.A.S. received fellowship programme financial support from Medtronic, Inc., and Boston Scientific, Inc., is a consultant for InBrain Neuroelectronics, Inc., and serves on the DSMB for Neuralink, Inc. All other authors declare no competing interests. No commercial entity played any role in experimental design or analysis/interpretation of study results, provided financial support for this study, or has any obvious means of gaining or losing financially through this publication. A patent application has been submitted for the movement-responsive aDBS and optimization approach (applicant, UCSF; application number, 65/531,506; inventors, T.C.D., S.J.L., J.A.H., D.L. and P.A.S.).