Ronda, Carlotta
Perdue, Tyler
Schwanz, Logan
Rivera Gelsinger, Diego
Brockmann, Leonie
Kaufman, Andrew
Huang, Yiming https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1932-2803
Sternberg, Samuel H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8240-9114
Wang, Harris H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-4318
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (1R01EB031935)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (2R01AI132403)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (1R01DK118044)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (1R21AI146817)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (DP2HG011650)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R21AI68976)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01EB031935)
U.S. Department of Defense (S-168-4X5-001)
Burroughs Wellcome Fund (1016691)
Irma T. Hirschl Trust
Simons Foundation (527896)
Article History
Received: 14 June 2024
Accepted: 9 June 2025
First Online: 18 July 2025
Competing interests
: Patent application (patent application number 18/460,286; 1 September 2023, New York, NY, USA) describing the CAST and gene delivery technologies has been filed by Columbia University. S.H.S. is a co-founder and scientific adviser to Dahlia Biosciences, a scientific adviser to CrisprBits and Prime Medicine, and an equity holder in Dahlia Biosciences and CrisprBits. H.H.W. is a scientific advisor of SNIPR Biome, Kingdom Supercultures, Fitbiomics, VecX Biomedicines and Genus PLC, and a scientific co-founder of Aclid and Foli Bio, all of which are not involved in the study.