Calvert, Jonathan S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7197-9082
Parker, Samuel R.
Govindarajan, Lakshmi N.
Darie, Radu
Shaaya, Elias
Solinsky, Ryan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7121-8678
Del Valle, Lily M.
Miranda, Priyanka
Jang, Jaeson
Tiwari, Ekta
Syed, Sohail
Villalobos, Raymond M.
Aguiar, Liza M.
Taylor, J. Andrew
Tang, Hanlin
McPherson, Sean https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-6038
Xue, Wenzhe
Carayannopoulos, Alexios G.
Oyelese, Adetokunbo A.
Gokaslan, Ziya L.
Bansal, Arjun K.
Resnik, Linda J.
Serre, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0846-0039
Fridley, Jared S.
Borton, David A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-3005
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Defense | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (D15AP00112)
United States Department of Defense | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (D19AC00015)
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01RX002835)
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (A9263A-S)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (5T32NS100663-04)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (K23HD102663)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2023-00246822)
Article History
Received: 18 September 2024
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 11 March 2026
Competing interests
: J.S.C., S.R.P., R.D. and D.A.B. have patents pending regarding the recording of spinal electrophysiological signals during spinal cord stimulation. The other authors declare no competing interests.