Yuan, Musu
Jin, Kaitian https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7843-1133
Yan, Hanying
Schroeder, Amelia
Luo, Chunyu
Yao, Sicong
Dumoulin, Bernhard
Levinsohn, Jonathan
Luo, Tianhao
Clemenceau, Jean R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6222-6457
Jang, Inyeop
Kim, Minji
Liu, Yunhe
Deng, Minghua
Furth, Emma E.
Wilson, Parker https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8647-9662
Nayak, Anupma
Lubo, Idania
Solis Soto, Luisa Maren https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1253-630X
Wang, Linghua https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9380-0266
Park, Jeong Hwan
Susztak, Katalin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1005-3726
Hwang, Tae Hyun
Li, Mingyao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8180-0621
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (R01HG013185)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | U.S. National Library of Medicine (R01LM014592)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL171595)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (U01CA294518)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (U19NS135582)
Article History
Received: 8 May 2025
Accepted: 15 October 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Competing interests
: M.L. receives research funding from Biogen unrelated to the current paper. M.L. is a co-founder of OmicPath AI. T.H.H. is a co-founder of Kure.ai therapeutics, and has received consulting fees from IQVIA; these affiliations and financial compensations are unrelated to the current paper. L.W. serves as a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for SELLAS Life Sciences and receives compensation outside the scope of this submitted work. The other authors declare no competing interests.