Qian, Chenxiao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0848-484X
Chen, Yuyang
Wang, Baocheng
Wang, Tao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-3103
Zhang, Chaoshen https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0736-957X
Lin, Zhenyang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4104-8767
Sun, Jianwei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2470-1077
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (22471232)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (C6012-21G)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (16309321)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (16304322)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (16309722)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (16310924)
Innovation and Technology Commission (ITC-CNERC14SC01)
Article History
Received: 3 March 2025
Accepted: 10 February 2026
First Online: 10 March 2026
Competing interests
: J.S. and C.Q. have filed a US patent application US/19/014358, ‘Chiral spirocyclic compounds and methods of preparation and use thereof’. J.S. is a shareholder of SphenoTech Co., Limited. All other authors declare no competing interests.