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Authors
Fu, Xiao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8611-891X
Zhao, Yue https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3645-2634
Lopez, Jose I.
Rowan, Andrew
Au, Lewis
Fendler, Annika https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7267-0981
Hazell, Steve
Xu, Hang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5847-655X
Horswell, Stuart
Shepherd, Scott T. C. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6208-173X
Spencer, Charlotte E.
Spain, Lavinia
Byrne, Fiona https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3800-0500
Stamp, Gordon https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2888-4314
O’Brien, Tim
Nicol, David
Augustine, Marcellus
Chandra, Ashish
Rudman, Sarah
Toncheva, Antonia
Furness, Andrew J. S.
Pickering, Lisa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7579-340X
Kumar, Santosh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6362-0616
Koh, Dow-Mu
Messiou, Christina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0557-9379
Dafydd, Derfel ap
Orton, Matthew R.
Doran, Simon J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8569-9188
Larkin, James
Swanton, Charles https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-3018
Sahai, Erik https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3932-5086
Litchfield, Kevin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3725-0914
Turajlic, Samra https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8846-136X
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Ben Challacombe,
Chowdhury, Simon
Drake, William
Fernando, Archana
Fotiadis, Nicos
Hatipoglu, Emine
Harrison-Phipps, Karen
Hill, Peter
Horsfield, Catherine
Marafioti, Teresa
Olsburgh, Jonathon
Polson, Alexander
Quezada, Sergio
Varia, Mary
Verma, Hema
Bates, Paul A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-0925
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cancer Research UK (FC001003, FC001169, FC001169, FC001144, FC001169, FC001988, FC001003)
Wellcome Trust (FC001003, FC001169, FC001169, FC001144, FC001169, FC001988, FC001003)
RCUK | Medical Research Council (FC001003, FC001169, FC001169, FC001144, FC001169, FC001988, FC001003)
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Article History
Received: 15 February 2021
Accepted: 7 October 2021
First Online: 23 December 2021
Competing interests
: K.L., S.T. and C.S. have a patent on indel burden and checkpoint inhibitor response pending, and a patent on targeting of frameshift neoantigens for personalized immunotherapy pending. K.L. reports speaker fees from Roche Tissue Diagnostics, research funding from CRUK TDL/Ono/LifeArc alliance and a consulting role with Monopteros Therapeutics. S.T. reports grants from Ventana, outside the submitted work. J.L. reports institutional research support from BMS, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Achilles Therapeutics, Roche, Nektar Therapeutics, Covance, Immunocore, Pharmacyclics and Aveo, and consultancy support from Achilles, AZ, Boston Biomedical, BMS, Eisai, EUSA Pharma, GSK, Ipsen, Imugene, Incyte, iOnctura, Kymab, Merck Serono, MSD, Nektar, Novartis, Pierre Fabre, Pfizer, Roche/Genentech, Secarna and Vitaccess. C.S. acknowledges grant support from Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Roche-Ventana, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Invitae (previously Archer Dx Inc) – collaboration in minimal residual disease sequencing technologies, and Ono Pharmaceutical, and is an AstraZeneca Advisory Board member and Chief Investigator for the MeRmaiD1 and 2 clinical trials. C.S has consulted for Amgen, Pfizer, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, AstraZeneca, Illumina, Genentech, Roche-Ventana, GRAIL, Medicxi, Metabomed, Bicycle Therapeutics, Roche Innovation Centre Shanghai and the Sarah Cannon Research Institute, C.S. had stock options in Apogen Biotechnologies and GRAIL, has stock options in Epic Bioscience, and has stock options and is co-founder of Achilles Therapeutics. C.S. holds European patents relating to assay technology to detect tumour recurrence (PCT/GB2017/053289), to targeting neoantigens (PCT/EP2016/059401), identifying patent response to immune checkpoint blockade (PCT/EP2016/071471), determining HLA LOH (PCT/GB2018/052004), predicting survival rates of patients with cancer (PCT/GB2020/050221), identifying patients who respond to cancer treatment (PCT/GB2018/051912), a US patent relating to detecting tumour mutations (PCT/US2017/28013) and both a European and US patent related to identifying insertion/deletion mutation targets (PCT/GB2018/051892). E.S. receives research support from AstraZeneca, Glaxo SmithKline and Merck Sharp & Dhome and is on the advisory board of Phenomic AI. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
