Wen, Jin
Hu, Hang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8141-8772
Chen, Chao
McMeekin, David P.
Xiao, Ke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2898-9709
Lin, Renxing
Liu, Ye
Snaith, Henry J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8511-790X
Tang, Jiang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2574-2943
Paetzold, Ulrich W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1557-8361
Tan, Hairen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0821-476X
Article History
Received: 10 January 2025
Accepted: 22 April 2025
First Online: 18 June 2025
Competing interests
: H.T. is the founder, Chief Scientific Officer and Chairman of Renshine Solar, a company that is commercializing perovskite photovoltaics. H.J.S. is the co-founder and Chief Scientific Officer of Oxford PV. The other authors declare no competing interests.