Bonino, Giulia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-9354
McAdam, Ronan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0883-9014
Athanasiadis, Panos https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1249-6624
Cavicchia, Leone https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9857-7817
Rodrigues, Regina R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8010-4018
Scoccimarro, Enrico https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7987-4744
Tibaldi, Stefano
Masina, Simona https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-7065
Funding for this research was provided by:
EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (101136548)
EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (101136548)
EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (101057764)
EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (101136548)
Article History
Received: 28 October 2024
Accepted: 2 July 2025
First Online: 14 August 2025
Change Date: 24 December 2025
Change Type: Update
Change Details: In the version of the article initially published, there were errors in ref. <sup>10</sup>. This reference has now been amended to “Olita, A. et al. Effects of the 2003 European heatwave on the Central Mediterranean Sea: surface fluxes and the dynamical response. <i>Ocean Sci.</i><b>3</b>, 273–289 (2007)” in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.