Calvert, Clara http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-1040
Brockway, Meredith
Zoega, Helga http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0761-9028
Miller, Jessica E. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1806-1894
Been, Jasper V. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-6466
Amegah, Adeladza Kofi http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5868-6402
Racine-Poon, Amy
Oskoui, Solmaz Eradat
Abok, Ishaya I. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0488-5072
Aghaeepour, Nima http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6117-8764
Akwaowo, Christie D. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5265-8267
Alshaikh, Belal N. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6080-6888
Ayede, Adejumoke I. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1772-1798
Bacchini, Fabiana http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4343-774X
Barekatain, Behzad http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7370-5525
Barnes, Rodrigo http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9204-5756
Bebak, Karolina
Berard, Anick
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
Brook, Jeffrey R.
Bryan, Lenroy R. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-3716
Cajachagua-Torres, Kim N. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0213-6935
Campbell-Yeo, Marsha
Chu, Dinh-Toi
Connor, Kristin L. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-3221
Cornette, Luc
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Dedeke, Iyabode Olabisi F.
Einarsdóttir, Kristjana http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4931-7650
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Estrada-Gutierrez, Guadalupe http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9551-9021
Fantasia, Ilaria http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4340-7225
Fiorentino, Nicole M.
Franklin, Meredith http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3802-8829
Fraser, Abigail
Gachuno, Onesmus W.
Gallo, Linda A.
Gissler, Mika
Håberg, Siri E.
Habibelahi, Abbas
Häggström, Jonas
Hookham, Lauren http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9703-655X
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Huicho, Luis http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5272-5885
Hunter, Karen J. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2679-8471
Huq, Sayeeda
KC, Ashish http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0541-4486
Kadambari, Seilesh
Kelishadi, Roya
Khalili, Narjes
Kippen, Joanna
Le Doare, Kirsty
Llorca, Javier
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Morris, Andrew D.
Muhajarine, Nazeem
Mulholland, Rachel H.
Bonnard, Livia Nagy
Nakibuuka, Victoria
Nassar, Natasha
Nyadanu, Sylvester D. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6233-0262
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Olutekunbi, Olanike A. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5822-7043
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Orton, Chris
Örtqvist, Anne K.
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Oyapero, Oyejoke
Palmer, Kirsten R. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7421-6291
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Przybylski, Marcin
Quezada-Pinedo, Hugo G.
Regan, Annette K.
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Swift, Emma M.
Szabó, Miklós
Temmerman, Marleen http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2069-8752
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von Dadelszen, Peter http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4136-3070
Wellenius, Gregory A. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0427-7376
Whitehead, Clare
Wong, Ian C. K. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-0014
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Wróblewska-Seniuk, Katarzyna http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3908-6617
Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3516-9266
Yilgwan, Christopher S.
Zawiejska, Agnieszka http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3616-6550
Sheikh, Aziz http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7022-3056
Rodriguez, Natalie
Burgner, David http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8304-4302
Stock, Sarah J. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-856X
Azad, Meghan B. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5942-4444
Article History
Received: 29 April 2022
Accepted: 6 January 2023
First Online: 27 February 2023
Competing interests
: M.B.A. holds a Tier 2 Canada Research Chair in the Developmental Origins of Chronic Disease at the University of Manitoba and is a Fellow in the Canadian Institutes for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Humans and the Microbiome Program. Her effort on this project was partly supported by HDR UK and ICODA. K.K.C.M. declares support from The Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, and Hong Kong Research Grants Council Collaborative Research Fund Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Novel Infectious Disease Research Exercise (Ref: C7154-20G) and grants from C W Maplethorpe Fellowship, National Institute of Health Research UK, European Commission Framework Horizon 2020 and has consulted for IQVIA Ltd. A.S. is supported by ICODA and HDR UK, and has received a research grant from HDR UK to the BREATHE Hub. He participates on the Scottish and UK Government COVID-19 Advisory Committees, unremunerated. S.J.S. is supported by a Wellcome Trust Clinical Career Development Fellowship (209560/Z/17/Z) and HDR UK, and has received personal fees from Hologic and Natera outside the submitted work. D.B. is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) Investigator Grant (GTN1175744). I.C.K.W. declares support from The Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, and Hong Kong Research Grants Council Collaborative Research Fund Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Novel Infectious Disease Research Exercise (Ref: C7154-20G), and grants from Hong Kong Research Grant Council, National Institute of Health Research UK, and European Commission Framework Horizon 2020. H.Z. is supported by a UNSW Scientia Program Award and reports grants from European Commission Framework Horizon 2020, Icelandic Centre for Research, and Australia’s National Health and Medical Research Council. H.Z. was an employee of the UNSW Centre for Big Data Research in Health, which received funding from AbbVie Australia to conduct research, unrelated to the current study. I.I.A.A., C.D.A., K.A., A.I.A., L.C., S.S., G.E.-G., O.W.G., L. Huicho, S.H., A.K., K.L., V.N., I.P., N.R.R., T.R., T.A.H.R., V.L.S., E.M.S., L.T., R.W. and H.Z. received funding from HDRUK (grant #2020.106) to support data collection for the iPOP study. K.H., R.B., S.O.E., A.R.-P. and J.H. receive salary from ICODA. M.B. received trainee funding from HDRUK (grant #2020.106). J.E.M. received trainee funding from HDRUK (grant #2020.109). Other relevant funding awarded to authors to conduct research for iPOP include: M.G. received funding from THL, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare to support data collection. K.D. received funding from EDCTP RIA2019 and HDRUK (grant #2020.106) to support data collection. R.B. received funding from Alzheimer’s Disease Data Initiative and ICODA for the development of federated analysis. A.D.M. received funding from HDR UK who receives its funding from the UK Medical Research Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, Department of Health and Social Care (England), Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates, Health and Social Care Research and Development Division (Welsh Government), Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), British Heart Foundation (BHF) and the Wellcome Trust; and Administrative Data Research UK, which is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (grant ES/S007393/1). N.A. received funding from the National Institutes of Health (R35GM138353). O.S received funding from NordForsk (grant #105545). The remaining authors declare no competing interests.