Kozyreva, Anastasia http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8037-9919
Lorenz-Spreen, Philipp http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6319-4154
Herzog, Stefan M. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2329-6433
Ecker, Ullrich K. H. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-313X
Lewandowsky, Stephan http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1655-2013
Hertwig, Ralph http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9908-9556
Ali, Ayesha
Bak-Coleman, Joe http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7590-3824
Barzilai, Sarit http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-0080
Basol, Melisa
Berinsky, Adam J. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7827-9396
Betsch, Cornelia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2856-7303
Cook, John
Fazio, Lisa K. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0415-4862
Geers, Michael http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0602-5893
Guess, Andrew M. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2974-7848
Huang, Haifeng http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1478-0303
Larreguy, Horacio http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8491-6400
Maertens, Rakoen http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8507-5359
Panizza, Folco http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5178-5926
Pennycook, Gordon
Rand, David G. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8975-2783
Rathje, Steve http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6727-571X
Reifler, Jason http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1116-7346
Schmid, Philipp http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2966-0806
Smith, Mark http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-7786
Swire-Thompson, Briony http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7464-8940
Szewach, Paula http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4250-1447
van der Linden, Sander http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-1744
Wineburg, Sam
Funding for this research was provided by:
EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
Volkswagen Foundation
Australian Research Council Future Fellowship
Research Award from the Humboldt Foundation in Germany and an ERC Advanced Grant
Article History
Received: 1 February 2023
Accepted: 5 April 2024
First Online: 13 May 2024
Competing interests
: For studies included in the evidence overview, G.P., D.G.R. and A.J.B. received research funding and research support through gifts from Google and Meta. A.M.G. and A.A. received an unrestricted research grant from Meta. L.K.F. received research funding from Meta. S.v.d.L., S.R. and S.L. received research funding from Google Jigsaw. S.W. and M.S. received research funding from Google.org. All other authors declare no competing interests.