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Article History

Received: 16 January 2024

Accepted: 9 July 2024

First Online: 12 August 2024

Competing interests

: H.R.K. is a member of advisory boards for Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Sophrosyne Pharmaceuticals, Clearmind Medicine and Enthion Pharmaceuticals; a consultant to Sobrera Pharmaceuticals; the recipient of research funding and medication supplies for an investigator-initiated study from Alkermes; and a member of the American Society of Clinical Psychopharmacology’s Alcohol Clinical Trials Initiative, which was supported in the past 3 years by Alkermes, Dicerna, Ethypharm, Lundbeck, Mitsubishi and Otsuka. J.G. and H.R.K. are holders of US patent 10,900,082 titled: ‘Genotype-guided dosing of opioid agonists’, issued 26 January 2021. J.G. is paid for editorial work on the journal Complex Psychiatry. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. J.G. is named as an inventor on PCT patent application no. 15/878,640 entitled ‘Genotype-guided dosing of opioid agonists’, filed 24 January 2018, and issued on 26 January 2021, as US patent no. 10900082. M.B.S. has stock options in Oxeia Biopharmaceuticals and EpiVario. He has been paid for his editorial work on Depression and Anxiety (Editor-in-Chief), Biological Psychiatry (Deputy Editor) and UpToDate (Co-Editor-in-Chief for Psychiatry). No other authors report competing interests.