Pennycook, Gordon https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1344-6143
Berinsky, Adam J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7827-9396
Bhargava, Puneet
Lin, Hause
Cole, Rocky
Goldberg, Beth https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8636-6702
Lewandowsky, Stephan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1655-2013
Rand, David G. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8975-2783
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gouvernement du Canada | Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
John Templeton Foundation
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | ONR | Office of Naval Research Global
Article History
Received: 21 August 2023
Accepted: 20 September 2024
First Online: 4 November 2024
Competing interests
: G.P. and D.G.R. have received funding from Meta and Google; G.P., A.J.B. and R.C. were employed at Google when the studies were designed and the data were collected; and B.G. both was and is employed at Google. Google has invested in both inoculation and accuracy prompts as misinformation interventions (in addition to supplying funding for these studies). The other authors declare no competing interests.