Liu, Jessie R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9316-7624
Zhao, Lingyun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-4063
Hullett, Patrick W.
Chang, Edward F. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2480-4700
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (U01 DC018671-01A1)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (K99 DC020235)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (5TL1TR001871-05)
Article History
Received: 17 July 2024
Accepted: 19 May 2025
First Online: 16 July 2025
Competing interests
: J.R.L. and E.F.C. are inventors of pending provisional University of California, San Francisco patent applications relevant to neural decoding approaches. EFC is co-founder of Echo Neurotechnologies, LLC.