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Authors
Summerfield, Christopher https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2941-2653
Argyle, Lisa P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3109-2537
Bakker, Michiel
Collins, Teddy
Durmus, Esin
Eloundou, Tyna
Gabriel, Iason
Ganguli, Deep
Hackenburg, Kobi
Hadfield, Gillian K.
Hewitt, Luke
Huang, Saffron
Landemore, Hélène
Marchal, Nahema
Ovadya, Aviv
Procaccia, Ariel
Risse, Mathias
Schneier, Bruce
Seger, Elizabeth https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-4130
Siddarth, Divya
Skaug Sætra, Henrik https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7558-6451
Tessler, Michael Henry
Botvinick, Matthew https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7758-6896
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
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Article History
Received: 9 July 2024
Accepted: 13 August 2025
First Online: 1 October 2025
Competing interests
: The following authors are full- or part-time remunerated employees of commercial developers of AI technology: M. Bakker, I.G., N.M., M.H.T. and M. Botvinick (Google DeepMind), E.D. and D.G. (Anthropic) and T.E. (OpenAI), A.P. (Fundamental AI Research (FAIR), Meta). C.S. and K.H. are part-time remunerated government employees (at the UK AI Security Institute). D.S. and S.H. are employees of the non-profit organization Collective Intelligence Project. A.O. is an employee of the AI & Democracy Foundation. E.S. is an employee of Demos. None of these employers had any role in the preparation of the manuscript or the decision to publish. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
