Wang, Xiaozhe
Wang, Ruobing
Sun, Suyang
Xu, Ding
Nie, Chao
Zhou, Zhou
Wen, Chenyu
Zhang, Junying
Chu, Ruixuan
Shen, Xueyang
Zhou, Wen
Song, Zhitang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7859-9429
Wang, Jiang-Jing https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7327-8159
Ma, En https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7468-4340
Zhang, Wei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0720-4781
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62374131)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62204201)
Article History
Received: 30 July 2024
Accepted: 1 September 2025
First Online: 1 October 2025
Change Date: 13 November 2025
Change Type: Update
Change Details: This article was originally published under standard Springer Nature license (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited). It is now available as an open-access paper under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, © The Author(s). The copyright has been amended in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.
Competing interests
: Several patents (PCT/CN2024/123713, CN 202411271055.6, CN 202411271061.1) on no-drift PCM are under examination. W. Zhang, X.W., J.-J.W. and W. Zhou are listed on the patent applications, and they are all from China. The other authors declare no competing interests.