Cheng, Zhe https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2779-6895
Guo, Tiantian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0977-0573
Yan, Gangbin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4711-9063
Zhang, Jing https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2575-5526
Yue, Jiping https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0717-8613
Yang, Chuanwang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4463-3910
Choi, Suin https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9193-4548
Kamath, Ananth https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4740-5876
Kim, Saehyun
Kohane, Daniel S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5369-5932
Liu, Chong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4851-7888
Tian, Bozhi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-0023
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (W911NF-24-1-0053)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (1R01EB036091-01)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R35 GM131728)
Article History
Received: 21 December 2024
Accepted: 30 January 2026
First Online: 27 March 2026
Competing interests
: B.T., Z.C. and C.L have submitted a provisional patent application encompassing the LiFePO 4 bioelectronics and cathode materials patterning method. The other authors declare no competing interests.