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Lee, Calvin K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6789-0317
Zheng, Xuhui
Chen, Jonathan W. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5283-243X
Fetah, Kirsten L.
Popoli, James R. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9666-9321
Choi, Yun Su https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9684-4368
Young, Thomas D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3234-7418
Weiss, Paul S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-6248
Kasko, Andrea M.
O’Toole, George A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-4392
Parsek, Matthew R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2932-7966
Wong, Gerard C. L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0893-6383
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (W911NF-18-1-0254, W911NF-18-1-0254, W911NF-18-1-0254)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01 AI43730, T32 AI007323, R01 AI43730, R01 AI077628, T32 GM008185, R01 AI143916, R01 AI077628, R01 AI43730, R37 AI83256)
National Science Foundation (DGE-1650604, DGE-2034835, NSF 1821721, NSF 1821721)
Life Sciences Research Foundation
Article History
Received: 15 November 2024
Accepted: 12 July 2025
First Online: 5 September 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.