John, Maria Sindhura https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-9968
Chinnappan, Mahendran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1781-8701
Sturges, Camille I.
Artami, Methinee
Bhattacharya, Mohini https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0268-6379
Keogh, Rebecca A.
Kavanaugh, Jeffrey S.
Jain, Shivani
Gedamu, Hanna https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6332-2266
Komarovsky, Jessica
Velasquez, Mauricio
Sharma, Tripti
McDonald, Jeffrey G. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-4142
Horswill, Alexander R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5568-0096
Harris-Tryon, Tamia A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-7083
Funding for this research was provided by:
Burroughs Wellcome Fund (1022777)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (K08AR076459)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI187273)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI162964)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI153185)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI187273)
Department of Veterans Affairs | Office of Academic Affiliations, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA Merit Award BX002711)
Article History
Received: 20 March 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 27 February 2026
Competing interests
: T.A.H.-T., M.S.J., A.R.H. and J.K. have filed a patent (US patent application number 63/580,813). Mirofend L.L.C. (founder, T.A.H.-T.). The other authors declare no competing interests.