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Authors
Ambite, Ines https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1470-671X
Pilatz, Adrian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8072-1841
Buch-Heberling, Mareike
Ahmadi, Shahram
Godaly, Gabriela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-1350
Wagenlehner, Florian
Svanborg, Catharina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8145-0553
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Article History
Received: 23 October 2025
Accepted: 8 January 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Competing interests
: I.A., S.A., G.G. and C.S. are part-time employees of Hamlet BioPharma and Lund University. I.A. and C.S. are shareholders in Hamlet BioPharma. Patents protecting the use of the IL-1RA for the treatment of cystitis have been granted (EP3242680, with C.S. and I.A. as inventors). F.W. is a speaker of the DFG (German Research Foundation)-funded research group BARICADE (FOR5427/1-466687329) and a member of the DZIF (German Center for Infection Research; site: Giessen-Marburg-Langen). The other authors declare no competing interests.
