Lu, Xuekun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1566-1509
Owen, Rhodri E.
Du, Wenjia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-4764
Zhang, Zhenyu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5232-1477
Bertei, Antonio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3202-6825
Soni, Roby https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6780-7667
Zhang, Xun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8545-6263
Iacoviello, Francesco
Li, Daqing
Llewellyn, Alice
Chen, Jianuo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4019-0737
Zhang, Han https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0479-224X
Yao, Xuhui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0783-9701
Li, Qi
Zhao, Yunlong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7574-7315
Marathe, Shashidhara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7662-8465
Rau, Christoph
Shearing, Paul R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1387-9531
Funding for this research was provided by:
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/X000702/1, EP/S003053/1, EP/R020973/1, EP/M028100/1, EP/S003053/1, EP/T02593X/1)
Royal Academy of Engineering (CiET1718\59, CiET1718\59)
Article History
Received: 31 October 2024
Accepted: 2 September 2025
First Online: 24 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.