De Leon, Gabriel
Zhang, Li
Siddiqui, Nabil A.
Naguib, Nada
Chen, Feng
Padmanabhan, Reethi
Zhang, Tuo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5396-918X
Monette, Sebastien
Socciarelli, Fabio
Lee, Rachel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5033-4664
Pourbaghi, Miles
Quinn, Thomas P.
Overholtzer, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3007-4986
Merghoub, Taha
Wiesner, Ulrich https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6934-3755
Wolchok, Jedd D.
Bradbury, Michelle S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3147-4391
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA253658)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (U54CA199081)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA253658)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (U54CA199081)
Cancer Center Support Grant
Article History
Received: 19 December 2024
Accepted: 24 October 2025
First Online: 29 December 2025
Competing interests
: M.S.B., M.O. and U.W. are inventors on patent applications related to ferroptosis: Methods of Treatment Using Ultrasmall Nanoparticles to Induce Cell Death of Cancer Cells via Ferroptosis; Methods of Cancer Treatment via Regulated Ferroptosis. M.S.B., U.W., M.O. and G.D.L. are inventors on patent applications related to work on the tumour microenvironment, immunomodulatory nanoparticle conjugates and immunotherapies: Inducing Favorable Effects on Tumor Microenvironment via Administration of Nanoparticle Compositions; Nanoparticle-Mediated Enhancement of Immunotherapy to Promote Ferroptosis-induced Cytotoxicity and Anti-tumor Immune Responses. M.S.B., U.W. and F.C. are listed as inventors on the following patent: Ultrasmall Nanoparticles Labeled with Zirconium-89 and Methods Thereof. J.D.W. is a consultant for Apricity; Ascentage Pharma; AstraZeneca; BeiGene; Bicara Therapeutics; Bristol Myers Squibb; Daiichi Sankyo; Dragonfly; Imvaq; Larkspur; Takeda; Tizona; Trishula Therapeutics; and Immunocore (Data Safety Board). J.D.W. received Grant/Research Support from Bristol Myers Squibb and Enterome. J.D.W. has Equity in Apricity, Arsenal IO/CellCarta; Ascentage; Imvaq; Linneaus, Larkspur; Georgiamune; Maverick; Tizona Therapeutics; and Xenimmune. J.D.W. is an inventor on the following patents: Xenogeneic DNA Vaccines; Newcastle Disease Viruses for Cancer Therapy; Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cell (MDSC) Assay; Prediction of Responsiveness to Treatment with Immunomodulatory Therapeutics and Method of Monitoring Abscopal Effects During Such Treatment; anti-PD1 antibody; anti-CTLA4 antibodies; anti-GITR antibodies and methods of use thereof. T.M. is a consultant for Immunos Therapeutics, Daiichi Sankyo Co., TigaTX, Normunity and Pfizer. T.M. is a co-founder of and equity holder in IMVAQ Therapeutics. T.M. receives research grants funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, Surface Oncology, Kyn Therapeutics, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Adaptive Biotechnologies, Leap Therapeutics and Aprea Therapeutics. T.M. is an inventor on patent applications related to work on oncolytic viral therapy, alpha virus-based vaccine, neoantigen modelling, CD40, GITR, OX40, PD-1 and CTLA-4. The other authors declare no competing interests.