Dinani, Hediyeh M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8949-6422
Pyrialakos, Georgios G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8612-9694
Berman Bradley, Abraham M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6180-9936
Monika, Monika https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6986-9212
Ren, Huizhong
Selim, Mahmoud A.
Peschel, Ulf https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3980-9224
Christodoulides, Demetrios N. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3630-7234
Khajavikhan, Mercedeh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7091-1470
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-20-1-0322, FA9550-20-1-0322, FA9550-21-1-0202, FA9550-20-1-0322, FA9550-21-1-0202)
U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0025224, DE-SC0025224, DESC0022282)
United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (W911NF-23-1-0312, W911NF-23-1-0312, W911NF-23-1-0312, W911NF-23-1-0312)
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (N00014-20-1-2789, N00014-20-1-2789)
W. M. Keck Foundation
Donald R. and Esther Simon Foundation (733682)
United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Research Laboratory (FA86511820019, FA86511820019, FA9550-20-1-0322)
DOE | Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (DE-SC0025224, DE-SC0025224)
MPS Simons collaboration
Article History
Received: 25 December 2024
Accepted: 7 August 2025
First Online: 25 September 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.