Xu, Qian http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8738-9420
Bonilla Ataides, J. Pablo http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5518-7907
Pattison, Christopher A.
Raveendran, Nithin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-8099
Bluvstein, Dolev
Wurtz, Jonathan
Vasić, Bane http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-4106
Lukin, Mikhail D.
Jiang, Liang http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-9342
Zhou, Hengyun http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2148-8856
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (W911NF-20-1-0082, W911NF-23-1-0077, W911NF-20-1-0082, W911NF-20-1-0082, W911NF-20-1-0082, W911NF-23-1-0077, W911NF-21-1-0325)
U.S. Department of Energy (756817, DE-SC0021013, 756817, DE-SC0021013, 756817, DE-SC0021013, 756817, DE-SC0021013)
National Science Foundation (PHY-1734011, PHY-1734011, CCF-2313084, CIF-1855879, CCF-2100013, CIF-2106189, PHY-1734011, DGE1745303, PHY-1734011, OMA-1936118, ERC-1941583, OMA-2137642, CCF-2313084, CIF-1855879, CCF-2100013, CIF-2106189)
United States Department of Defense | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (W911NF2010021, W911NF2010021, W911NF2010021, W911NF2010021)
Ramsay Centre for Western Civilisation, post-graduate fellowship.
Hertz Foundation
United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-19-1-0399, FA9550-21-1-0209)
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone
David and Lucile Packard Foundation
Article History
Received: 16 August 2023
Accepted: 15 March 2024
First Online: 29 April 2024
Competing interests
: M.D.L. is a co-founder and shareholder of QuEra Computing. J.W and H.Z. are employees of QuEra Computing. The other authors declare no competing interests.