Rahbari, Mohammad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-2134
Gris-Oliver, Albert https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1802-9541
Ramadori, Pierluigi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-9648
Aicher, David
Sia, Daniela
Malek, Nisar P.
Loomba, Rohit
Bataller, Ramon
Llovet, Josep M.
Heikenwälder, Mathias https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3135-2274
Article History
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 14 April 2026
Competing interests
: J.M.L. received research support from Genentech and Roche, consultancy/sponsored lecture fees from Eisai Inc., Merck, Roche, Genentech, AstraZeneca, Bayer Pharmaceuticals, AbbVie, Sanofi, Moderna, Glycotest, Exelixis and Boehringer Ingelheim, and is a member of the Data Safety Monitoring Board for Bristol-Myers Squibb. R.L. serves as a consultant to Aardvark Therapeutics, Altimmune, Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cascade Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Glympse Bio, Inipharma, Intercept, Inventiva, Ionis, Janssen Inc., Lipidio, Madrigal, Neurobo, Novo Nordisk, Merck, Pfizer, Sagimet, 89 Bio, Takeda, Terns Pharmaceuticals and Viking Therapeutics. R.L. has stock options in Sagimet Biosciences. In addition, his institution received research grants from Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, Astrazeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Galectin Therapeutics, Gilead, Hanmi, Intercept, Inventiva, Ionis, Janssen, Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sonic Incytes and Terns Pharmaceuticals, and is co-founder of LipoNexus Inc. R.B. received consulting fees from Novo Nordisk, Boehringer Ingelheim and GlaxoSmithKline.