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Article History

Accepted: 7 June 2023

First Online: 18 July 2023

Competing interests

: M.C.W. has given talks for Canon Medical Systems, Novartis and Siemens Healthineers. A.A.-Z. has received research support from Canon Medical Systems. P.M.-H. is a shareholder of Neumann Medical. D.R. has received consultancy fees from Heartflow and IXICO. D.E.N. receives grants, acts as a consultant and has clinical trial contracts with Abbott, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Autoplaque, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, GE HealthCare, GSK, Janssen, Life Molecular Imaging, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Philips, Roche, Sanofi, Siemens, Silence, SOFIE, Toshiba, UCB, Vifor, Wyeth and Zealand. He collaborates with the publications chair from the BMJ Group and Elsevier. He is the chief investigator of the SCOT-HEART and PRE18FFIR trials. M.R.D. has received speaker fees from Edwards, Novartis and Pfizer and consultancy fees from Beren, Jupiter Bioventures, Novartis and Silence Therapeutics. G.G. has a consultant agreement with Abbott Vascular, Gentuity, Infraredx and Panovision, and has received a research grant in the past 36 months from Abbott Vascular, Amgen and Infraredx. V.F. has received educational grants, fees for lectures and speeches, fees for professional consultation, as well as research and study funds from Abbott, Abiomed, Berlin Heart, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Edwards Lifesciences, JOTEC/CryoLife, LivaNova, Medtronic, Novartis and Zurich Heart. I.I. has received institutional research grants by Esaote and Pie Medical Imaging and received an institutional research grant funded by Dutch Technology Foundation with the participation of Pie Medical Imaging and Philips Healthcare. She is also a co-inventor on several patents (US 10,176,575 B2; US 10,395,366 B2; US 11,004,198 B2; US 10,699,407 B2) and patent applications (17317746, 16911323) on the detection of functionally significant coronary stenosis. M.D. is the publications chair of the European Society of Radiology (ESR; 2022–2025); the opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not represent the view of the ESR. He is also the editor of <i>Cardiac CT</i> (published by Springer Nature) and has institutional master research agreements with Canon, General Electric, Philips and Siemens, the arrangements of which are managed by Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin. He also holds a joint approved patent on dynamic perfusion analysis using fractal analysis (EPO 2022 EP3350773A1 and USPTO 2021 10,991,109). The other authors declare no competing interests.