Document is current

Article History

Accepted: 8 January 2021

First Online: 12 February 2021

Competing interests

: D.B.D. has acted as a consultant of Boehringer Ingelheim. L.M.S. has acted as a consultant of AstraZeneca, EMD Serono, and Genentech and has received research funding (through Harvard Medical School) from Genentech. K.M.K. has acted as a consultant of AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Archer Diagnostics, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Debiopharm, Diaceutics, Eli Lilly, Merck Serono, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, and Roche Diagnostics/Ventana and has received speaker’s fees from AstraZeneca, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Merck Serono, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Roche Diagnostics/Ventana, Medscape, Prime Oncology, and PeerVoice. S.G. has acted as a consultant and/or advisor of Merck and OncoMed and has received research funding from Agenus, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech, Immune Design, Janssen R&D, Pfizer, Regeneron, and Takeda as well as being a named co-inventor on a patent relating to the use of multiplex immunohistochemistry to characterize tumours and treatment responses. This patent is filed through Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS) and non-exclusively licensed to Caprion. ISMMS has received payments associated with the licensing of this technology and both ISMMS and S.G. are entitled to future payments. M.S.T. has acted as a consultant of AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Merck and has received a research grant (through the University Health Network) from Merck. F.R.H. has acted as an advisor of Amgen, AstraZeneca/Daiichi, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech/Roche, Merck, Novartis, OncoCyte, Regeneron/Sanofi, and Ventana and has received research grants (through University of Colorado) from Abbvie, Amgen, Bayer, Biodesix, Cetya Pharmaceuticals, Dako, Leica, Merck, Rain Therapeutics and Ventana. The other authors declare no competing interests.