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Article History

First Online: 10 August 2026

Ethics

Competing interests: E.P. has acted as a consultant and/or adviser for Ceres Nanosciences, DAiNA and Ignite Proteomics; has received funding support from AbbVie, Deciphera, Genentech and Mirati; is a member of the board of directors of Ceres Nanosciences; and is a shareholder and member of the board of directors for the Gateway for Cancer Research Foundation. L.L. and E.P. are inventors of reverse phase protein array and laser capture microdissection-related patents assigned to George Mason University or the National Institutes of Health (NIH) that are licensed to outside biomedical companies by the University or NIH under NIH-royalty guidelines. T.C. has acted as an adviser of Thermo Fisher Scientific and has received research funding from AbbVie.