Liu, Chang-Hai https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3901-3039
Zeng, Qing-Min https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-222X
Kim, Won https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2926-1007
Kim, Seung Up https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9658-8050
Younossi, Zobair M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9313-577X
Targher, Giovanni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-3900
Byrne, Christopher D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6322-7753
Mantzoros, Christos S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3755-8158
Charatcharoenwitthaya, Phunchai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8334-0267
Leclercq, Isabelle Anne https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7934-6693
Romero-Gómez, Manuel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8494-8947
Tang, Hong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9790-6225
Zheng, Ming-Hua https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4984-2631
Article History
Accepted: 6 October 2025
First Online: 5 November 2025
Competing interests
: M.-H.Z. has received honoraria for lectures from AstraZeneca, Hisky Medical Technologies and Novo Nordisk, and consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim and serves as a consultant for Eieling Technology. C.S.M. reports grants through his institution from Merck, Massachusetts Life Sciences Center and Boehringer Ingelheim, has received grants through his institution and personal consulting fees from Coherus Inc. and AltrixBio, reports personal consulting fees and support with research reagents from Ansh Inc., collaborative research support from LabCorp Inc., personal consulting fees from Olympus, Genfit, Lumos, Novo Nordisk, Amgen, Biodexa, Laekna, Corcept, Intercept, 89 Bio, Madrigal, Aligos, Esperion and Regeneron, travel support and fees from UptoDate, TMIOA, Elsevier and the Cardio Metabolic Health Conference. C.D.B. has received grant support from Echosens. W.K. reports grants from Glaxosmithkline, Gilead, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Springbank, Ildong, Galmed, Dicerna, Enyo, Hanmi, Novo Nordisk and KOBIOLABS; consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, Standigm, Daewoong, TSD Life Sciences Ildong, Olix Pharma, HK Inoen and KOBIOLABS; honoraria for lectures from Ildong, Samil and Novo Nordisk, owns stocks in KOBIOLABS and Lepidyne, and is the founder of Remedygen. S.U.K. reported honoraria from Gilead Sciences, GSK, Bayer, Eisai, AbbVie, EchoSens, MSD, BMS and AstraZeneca and grants from AbbVie, BMS and Gilead. The other authors declare no competing interests.