Ceriello, Antonio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-3203
Prattichizzo, Francesco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2959-2658
Mastan Sheik Abdullah, Abdul Raouf https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1489-2018
La Grotta, Rosalba
Berra, Cesare Celeste
McGowan, Barbara
Jenkins, Alicia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-3717
Cohen, Neale https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4441-9511
Nauck, Michael Albrecht https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5749-6954
Russo, Giuseppina Tiziana
Article History
Accepted: 28 April 2026
First Online: 21 May 2026
Competing interests
: A.C. reports being on the advisory board, consultancy and giving lectures for Abbott, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Berlin Chemie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Hikamr Pharma, Guidotti, Eli Lilly, MSD, Merck, Novo, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi, Servier, and Sun Pharma. G.T.R. is on the advisory board and does consultancy and lectures for NovoNordisk, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Boehringer, Lilly, Mundipharma and Sankyo. N.C. and A.J. are investigators on an investigator-initiated trial of tirzepatide in Indigenous Australians with T2DM and suboptimal glycaemia with drug provision by Eli Lilly (Australia). M.A.N. has been a member of advisory boards or has consulted with Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly & Co., Medtronic, Merck, Sharp & Dohme, NovoNordisk, Pfizer, Regor, Sun Pharma and Structure Therapeutics (ShouTi, Gasherbrum). He has received grant support from Merck, Sharp & Dohme. He has also served on the speakers’ bureau of Eli Lilly & Co., Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Medscape, Medical Learning Institute, and NovoNordisk. He is on a data monitoring and safety board for Inventiva. The other authors declare no competing interests.