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Article History

Accepted: 20 December 2019

First Online: 26 February 2020

Competing interests

: M.T.A. is supported by grants from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK099076, R01DK104844 and T32DK11678), Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation Award IBD-0389R, the Florida Academic Cancer Center Alliance (FACCA) Award, the Pfizer ASPIRE Award and the Takeda Pharmaceuticals Investigator Initiated Research (IIR) Award. Additional funding provided by The Micky & Madeleine Arison Family Foundation Crohn’s & Colitis Discovery Laboratory and Martin Kalser Chair. The funders had no role in the article’s conception, interpretation of data, or preparation of the manuscript. M.T.A. has served as a consultant for Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Gilead, Janssen, Abbvie, Eli Lilly and Landos Biopharma; and serves as a trainer or lecturer for Imedex, Focus Medical Communications and Cornerstones Health, Inc. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to the journal’s policies on sharing data and materials. J.F.B. declares no competing interests.