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Article History

Accepted: 6 February 2020

First Online: 19 March 2020

Competing interests

: A.S. reports research grants from Roche, Genentech, Boehringer Ingelheim and AbbVie, lecture fees from Roche, Boehringer Ingelheim and Pfizer, and consultancy fees from Genentech and GSK; M.D. reports advisory fees from Echo Pharma and Robarts Clinical Trials, speaker fees from Janssen, Merck, Pfizer, Takeda and Tillotts Pharma, and nonfinancial support from Dr. Falk Pharma. W.F. reports consulting or advisory fees from AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, MediBeacon, Celegene, Janssen Research and Development, Robarts Clinical Trials, Takeda Pharma, Eli Lily, Hire, Velocity Pharma, S&B Pharms and Connecticut Children’s Medical Center. D.M. reports consulting fees from Pfizer, Gilead, Janssen, Qu Biologics, Bridge Therapeutics, Precision IBD, and grant support from Janssen, and Second Genome. S.Vermeire reports grants/research support from MSD, AbbVie, Takeda, Janssen, and Pfizer, honoraria or consultation fees from AbbVie, MSD, Takeda, Ferring, Genentech/Roche, Shire, Pfizer, Galapagos, Mundipharma, Hospira, Celgene, Second Genome, Progenity, Lilly, Arena, Gilead and Janssen, participation on speaker’s bureaus for AbbVie, MSD, Takeda, Ferring, Hospira, Pfizer, Janssen and Tillots, and employment of spouse by Biogen. N.V.C. reports research support from R-Biopharm and Takeda and consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, Pfizer, Progenity, Prometheus and Takeda, outside of the submitted work. C.H.-R. and S. Vetrano declare no competing interests.