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Article History

Accepted: 17 January 2020

First Online: 24 February 2020

Competing interests

: J.S.-G. declares grants and personal fees from Genzyme, personal fees from Almirall, Biogen, Celgene, Merck, Novartis, Roche and Teva and is a member of the Editorial Committee of <i>Multiple Sclerosis Journal</i> and Director of the Scientific Committee of <i>Revista de Neurologia</i>, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. D.P. declares personal fees from Novartis and Sanofi-Genzyme, unrelated to this Consensus Statement. M.A.R. declares personal fees from Biogen Idec, Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis and Teva, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. O.C. declares grants from the Spinal Cord Research Foundation, the Rosetree Trust, the Progressive MS Alliance, Bioclinica, GE Neuro, EU-H2020, the UK MS Society, the National MS Society, and the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals, and declares personal fees from Merck, <i>Neurology</i>, Novartis, Roche and Teva, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. O.C. also declares grants from the UK MS Society, the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals, and the National MS Society during the course of this Consensus Statement. C.E. declares personal fees from Bayer, Biogen, Celgene, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Shire and Teva, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. J.W. declares employment with Medical Image Analysis Center, scientific advisory board membership for Biogen, Genzyme, Novartis, TEVA and Roche, personal fees from Bayer, Novartis and Roche, and grants from the European Union (Horizon2020), German Federal Ministries of Education and Research (BMBF), and Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWI), all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. M.P.S. declares personal fees from Actelion, Biogen, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Serono, Synthon and Teva, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. F.B. acts as a consultant for Apitope, Bayer-Schering, Biogen-Idec, GeNeuro, Sanofi-Genzyme, Ixico, Janssen Research, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche and TEVA. He has received grants, or grants are pending, from the Amyloid Imaging to Prevent Alzheimer’s Disease (AMYPAD) initiative, the Biomedical Research Centre at University College London Hospitals, the Dutch MS Society, ECTRIMS–MAGNIMS, EU-H2020, the Dutch Research Council (NWO), the UK MS Society, and the National Institute for Health Research, University College London. He has received payments for the development of educational presentations from Ixico and to his institution from Biogen-Idec. He is on the editorial board of <i>Radiology</i>, <i>Brain</i>, <i>European Radiology</i>, <i>Multiple Sclerosis Journal</i> and <i>Neurology</i>. T.A.Y. declares research support from Biogen, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis and Schering, and honoraria from Bayer Schering, Biogen, Hikma and Novartis. N.D.S. declares personal fees from Biogen-Idec, Celgene, Sanofi-Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche and Teva, grants from Merck Serono, Novartis and the Italian MS Society, and nonfinancial support from Biogen-Idec, Sanofi-Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche and Teva, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. M.T. declares personal fees from Almirall, Bayer Healthcare, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme and Teva, grants from Sanofi-Genzyme, and other competing interests related to Biogen Idec, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. M.F. declares personal fees from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis and Teva, and grants from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche and Teva, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. He is the Editor-in-Chief of the <i>Journal of Neurology</i>. C.G. declares advisory board membership for Biogen, Genzyme, Merck-Serono, Roche and Teva, and honoraria for speaking or consultation fees from Almirall, Bayer Schering, Biogen Idec, Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche and Teva. L.K. declares competing interests related to Actelion, Almirall, Alkermes, Bayer, Biogen, df-mp, The European Union, Excemed, GeNeuro, Genzyme, Japan Tobacco, Merck, Minoryx, Mitsubishi Pharma, Neurostatus, Novartis, Receptos–Celgene, Roche, Roche Research Foundations, Sanofi-Aventis, Santhera, the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Society, Swiss National Research Foundation, Teva and Vianex, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. J.R. declares personal fees from Biogen, Merck, Novartis and Roche, and other competing interests related to Merck and Mylan, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. J.F. declares personal fees from Biogen Idec, Merck Serono and Sanofi-Aventis, participation in scientific advisory boards for Almiral, Genzyme and Novartis, personal fees (speaker honoraria) from Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Santhera and Teva, and participation as an advisor on preclinical development for Takeda, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. J.P. declares grants and personal fees from Alexion, Biogen Idec, Chugai, and Merck Serono, personal fees from ABIDE, ARGENX, Med Day, Novartis, Roche and Teva, and grants from ABIDE and MedImmun, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. She also has a patent (patent number 13704627.2-1408) with Isis: Diagnosing Multiple Sclerosis. H.V. declares grants from Merck Serono, Novartis and Teva, and other competing interests related to Merck and Novartis, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. He also has a patent related to brain atrophy measurement pending. X.M. declares personal fees from Actelion, Biogen, Celgene, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme and Teva, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. À.R. declares personal fees from Bayer, Biogen, Icometrix, Merck Serono, Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Roche and Teva, and other competing interests related to Bayer, Novartis, OLEA Medical, Sanofi-Genzyme and Synthetic MRI, all unrelated to this Consensus Statement. M.B. declares no competing interests.