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Article History

Accepted: 14 April 2022

First Online: 10 May 2022

Competing interests

: H.-C.D. has received honoraria for participation in clinical trials, contribution to advisory boards or oral presentations from Abbott, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Medtronic, Novo-Nordisk, Pfizer, Portola and WebMD Global. He has received financial support for research projects from Boehringer Ingelheim. He has received research grants from the German Research Council (DFG), German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), European Union, NIH, Bertelsmann Foundation and Heinz-Nixdorf Foundation. He serves as editor of <i>Neurologie up2date</i>, <i>Info Neurologie & Psychiatrie</i> and <i>Arzneimitteltherapie</i>. J.D.E. has received research grant support from AstraZeneca for the planning and conduct of the SOCRATES trial (NCT01994720), research grant support as a consultant from Boehringer Ingelheim for the planning and conduct of the RE-SPECT ESUS trial (NCT02239120), and research grant support from NIH/NINDS as Co-Principal Investigator on the POINT trial (NCT00991029); POINT received free study drug and placebo from Sanofi. He has also received an honorarium for participating in a consultant/advisory board meeting for Sanofi in May 2019. R.G.H. led the NAVIGATE ESUS trial sponsored by Bayer and received research support and a stipend from Bayer. He currently receives research support and a stipend from Bayer for co-ordination of the PACIFIC-Stroke trial. S.K. has received grant support from Medtronic and WL Gore & Associates; consulting fees from Abbott, Abbvie, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Medtronic; and royalties from UpToDate. H.K. serves as a principal investigator for the NIH-funded ARCADIA trial (NINDS U01NS095869), which receives in-kind study drug from the BMS-Pfizer Alliance for Eliquis and ancillary study support from Roche Diagnostics. He serves as Deputy Editor for <i>JAMA Neurology</i>, serves as a steering committee member of Medtronic’s Stroke AF trial, serves on a trial executive committee for Janssen, and serves on an end point adjudication committee for a trial of empagliflozin for Boehringer Ingelheim. G.N. has received honoraria for participation in clinical trials, contribution to advisory boards or oral presentations from Abbott, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Elpen, Pfizer and Sanofi. He has received financial support for research projects from Amgen, the EU and Pfizer.